ÕªÒª£ºÓøĽøµÄ¸ßÎÂÈÛÈÚ̼ËáÑη¨ÖƱ¸ÁËÒ¿ºÍÎÙÑõ»¯ÎïpH΢µç¼«£¬±íÕ÷Á˽ðÊôÑõ»¯Îïµç¼«µÄ¸÷ÏîÐÔÄÜ¡£ËùÖƱ¸µç¼«¶ÔpHÓнϺõÄÏßÐÔÏìÓ¦£¬Ð±ÂÊÔÚ4O¡ª¡ª6OmV£¯pH£¬½Ó½üÀíÏëÄÜ˹ÌØÏìÓ¦¡£ÊµÑé±íÃ÷£¬Ò¿Ñõ»¯Îï΢µç¼«ÔÚ³¤Ê±¼ä¹¤×÷Îȶ¨ÐÔ·½ÃæÓÅÓÚÎÙÑõ»¯Îï΢µç¼«£¬9OÏìӦʱ¼äΪ5s.Ò¿Ñõ»¯Îï΢µç¼«ÊÜÑζȺÍÑõÆøŨ¶ÈÓ°ÏìºÜС£¬ÇÒ¾­NafionÐÞÊκó²»ÊÜ¿­·¢k8¹ú¼Ê¼ä϶ˮÖл¹Ô­ÐÔS¡£Ò»µÄÓ°Ïì¡£°ÑÒ¿Ñõ»¯Îï΢µç¼«Ó¦ÓÃÓÚ²âÁ¿ÏÃÃÅÎ÷º£ÓòºÍ¾ÅÁú½­ºÓ¿ÚµÄ¿­·¢k8¹ú¼ÊpH´¹Ö±ÆÊÃ棬·¢ÏÖpHÔÚ¿­·¢k8¹ú¼ÊÓÐÑõºÍÎÞÑõÉî¶È½çÃ棨4¡ª¡ª5mm£©´ïµ½×îС£¬20mmÒÔÉîÇ÷ÓÚÎȶ¨£¬·ûºÏ¿­·¢k8¹ú¼ÊÉúÎïµØÇò»¯Ñ§¹æÂÉ¡£


¿­·¢k8¹ú¼ÊÊǺ£Ñó»·¾³µÄÖØÒª×é³É²¿·Ö£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÉϲ㿭·¢k8¹ú¼ÊÖÐÓÐ×ÅÖîÈçÓлúÖʽµ½âµÈÖØÒªµÄÉúÎïµØÇò»¯Ñ§¹ý³Ì¡£pHÊÇÑо¿¿­·¢k8¹ú¼ÊµÄ×î»ù±¾»¯Ñ§²ÎÊý£¬´«Í³·½·¨²âÁ¿¿­·¢k8¹ú¼ÊpHÒ»°ã²ÉÓ÷ֲãѹÂ˼·³ö¼ä϶ˮ£¬ÔÙͨ¹ý»¯Ñ§µÎ¶¨»òרÓÃÒÇÆ÷À´²âÁ¿¡£·Ö²ã²â¶¨µÄ·½·¨¿ÉÄܽ«¿­·¢k8¹ú¼Ê²»Í¬Éî¶ÈµÄ¼ä϶ˮ»ìºÏ£¬ÇÒÕâÖÖ×ö·¨»á¸Ä±äº£Ñó¿­·¢k8¹ú¼ÊÔ­ÓеÄÑõ»¯»¹Ô­»·¾³£¬ÈçζÈ¡¢Ñ¹Á¦µÈ£¬Ê¹ÑùÆ·µÄpHÖµ·¢ÉúһЩ²»¿ÉÄæµÄ±ä»¯£¬Ôì³É²âÁ¿µÄϵͳÎó²îºÍ½á¹ûµÄ²»×¼È·ÐÔ¡£Î¢µç¼«¼¼Êõ×îÔçÓ¦ÓÃÓÚÉúÃü¿ÆѧÁìÓò£¬ºó±»º£Ñóѧ¼ÒÒýÈëÓÃÓÚº£Ñó²ÎÊýµÄ²âÁ¿ÒÔ»ñȡԭλ¡¢½Ó½üÕæʵµÄÊý¾Ý¡£½«Î¢µç¼«Ö±½Ó²åÈë¿­·¢k8¹ú¼ÊÖвâÁ¿¼ä϶ˮpHÖµ£¬²»µ«¿ÉÒÔÔÚ²»ÈŶ¯¿­·¢k8¹ú¼ÊµÄÇ°ÌáÌõ¼þÏÂ׼ȷµÃµ½¼ä϶ˮpHÖµ£¬Í¬Ê±Ò²Äܹ۲ìÆäÔÚ΢С·¶Î§Äڵı仯ÌݶÈ¡£ÀýÈ磬ArcherµÈ°ÑÓлúĤ²£Á§Î¢Íͼ«¼¼ÊõÓ¦ÓÃÓÚ²âÁ¿É¿­·¢k8¹ú¼ÊµÄpHÆÊÃæ¡£CaiµÈÈËÉè¼ÆÁËÒ»Ì×Í¿ÓÐÓлúÎïĤµÄ²£Á§½á¹¹pHºÍpC0¡£Î¢µç¼«À´²âÁ¿º£Ñó¿­·¢k8¹ú¼Ê̼ËáÑÎÌåϵ£¬µ«ÕâЩµç¼«µÄ±¡Ä¤ÔÚÄà½éÖÊÖпÉÄÜÒ×ÊÜË𻵡£


½üÄêÀ´£¬½ðÊôÑõ»¯ÎïpHµç¼«µÄÖƱ¸¼°Ó¦Óñ¸ÊܹØ×¢£¬Ëü½Ï²£Á§µç¼«¾ßÓÐÌå»ýС¡¢Ç¿¶È¸ß¡¢ÏìÓ¦¿ì¡¢Ä͸¯Ê´¡¢½á¹¹¼òµ¥µÈÓŵ㡣ĿǰÒѾ­¿ªÕ¹µÄÑо¿°üÀ¨Pt£¬Pd£¬Ru£¬Ir£¬Co£¬Ti£¬WµÈ¶àÖÖ½ðÊôµÄÑõ»¯ÎÆäÖÐÎÙ²ÄÁϼÛÁ®Ò׵㬶øÒ¿Ñõ»¯Îïµç¼«¾ßÓÐÁ¼ºÃµÄ»úеÐÔÄÜ¡¢¿¹¸ÉÈÅÐÔÇ¿¡¢Îȶ¨ÐԺá¢pHÏìÓ¦·¶Î§¿í¡¢ÔÚ¸ßθßѹÇÖÊ´ÐÔ»·¾³ÖÐÒÔ¼°ÔÚ·ÇË®ÈÜÒºÖÐÄÜ¿ìËÙÏìÓ¦µÈÓŵ㣬Òò´ËÆäÓ¦ÓÃÇ°¾°×î±»¿´ºÃ¡£½ðÊôÑõ»¯Îïµç¼«ÊÇÈ«¹Ì̬µç¼«£¬ÄÍÄ¥£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÒ¿½ðÊôÑõ»¯Îïµç¼«£¬¿ÉÓÃÓÚ²âÁ¿¿­·¢k8¹ú¼Ê½éÖÊ¡£±¾ÎIJÉÓøßÎÂÈÛÈÚ̼ËáÑη¨ÖƱ¸ÎÙºÍÒ¿µÄ½ðÊôÑõ»¯ÎïpH΢µç¼«£¬ÓÅ»¯ÁËÑõ»¯Î¶ȺÍÑõ»¯Ê±¼ä£¬²¢²ÉÓÃNafionÐÞÊΣ¬±íÕ÷Á˵缫¶ÔH+µÄÏìÓ¦ÐÔÄÜ£¬Ì½ÌÖÁ˲âÁ¿¿­·¢k8¹ú¼ÊpHʱ¿ÉÄÜ´æÔڵĸÉÈÅÒòËØÈçÑζÈ¡¢ÈܽâÑõºÍ»¹Ô­Àë×ÓµÄÓ°Ï죬²¢½«Ò¿Ñõ»¯Îï΢µç¼«Êµ¼ÊÓ¦ÓÃÓÚ¿­·¢k8¹ú¼Ê¼ä϶ˮÖÐpHÌݶȵIJâÁ¿¡£


1ʵÑ鲿·Ö


1.1ÒÇÆ÷¡¢²ÄÁÏÓëÊÔ¼Á


¶ÇAutolabIIºãµçλºãµçÁ÷ÒÇ£¨Metrohm£©£»P3ON´¹Ö±Ã«Ï¸¹ÜÀ­ÖÆÒÇ£¨SutterInstrumentCo.£©£»EG244΢ÑÐÄ¥»ú£¨Narishige£©£»KQ21OODE³¬Éù²¨ÇåÏ´Æ÷£¨À¥É½Êг¬ÉùÒÇÆ÷ÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾£©£»Âí¸¥Â¯£¨ÉϺ£ÊµÑéµç¯³§£©£»Vario pH¼Æ£¨wTw£©¡£


Ò¿Ë¿£¨O.5mm£©¹º×ÔJohnson Matthey¹«Ë¾£¬´¿¶È99.9£»ÎÙË¿£¨O.25mm£©ºÍÒøË¿£¨0.5mm£©¹º×ÔÀ¥Ã÷¹ó½ðÊô²ÄÁϹ«Ë¾£¬´¿¶È99.989£¬6£»5µÄNafionÈÜÒº£¨dupont£©£»ÈȹÌÐÔÒøµ¼µç½º£¨OHMEX AG£¬Phen¡ªtexCorp.USA£©£»»·ÑõÊ÷Ö¬½ºÕ³¼Á£¨½­Î÷ƼÏçÊж«ÄÏ»¯¹¤³§£©¡£ËùÓл¯Ñ§ÊÔ¼Á¾ùΪ·ÖÎö´¿¡£ÊµÑéÓÃˮΪM illi¡ªQË®¡£


1.2µç¼«µÄÖƱ¸


Ä¿Ç°ÖƱ¸½ðÊôÑõ»¯Îïµç¼«µÄ·½·¨Ö÷ÒªÓУºµç»¯Ñ§Ñ­»··ü°²·¨¡¢µç»¯Ñ§Òõ¼«³Á»ý¡¢½¦ÉäºÍ¸ßÎÂ̼ËáÑÎÑõ»¯¡£±¾ÎIJÉÓøßÎÂÈÛÑη¨ÖƱ¸ÁËÒ¿ºÍÎٵĽðÊôÑõ»¯ÎïpH΢µç¼«¡£


Ò¿Ñõ»¯Îï΢µç¼«µÄÖƱ¸ÔÚYaoµÈÈ˵ĸßÎÂÈÛÈÚÑÎÑõ»¯·¨µÄ»ù´¡ÉÏÉÔ×ö¸Ä½ø¡£Ê×ÏȽ«³¤Ô¼1cmµÄÒ¿Ë¿½øÐнØÃæĥƽ£¬³¬Éù²¨ÇåÏ´£¬·ç¸ÉºóÂñÔÚ×°ÓÐ̼ËáÄÆ»ò̼Ëáï®·ÛÄ©µÄÑõ»¯ÂÁÛá¹øÖУ¬ÖÃÓÚÂí¸¥Â¯ÖмÓÈȵ½80O¡æ£¬ºãÎÂ4h.È¡³öÀäÈ´ÖÁÊÒΣ¬ÓÃ2 mol£¯LÏ¡ÑÎËáÈܽâ̼ËáÑιÌÌå¡£ÓÃÈÈË®¼°Milli¡ªQË®ÇåÏ´ÒÔ³ýÈ¥Ò¿Ë¿±íÃæ¿ÉÈÜÐÔ×é·Ö£¬ÒÆÈËζÈΪ18O¡æµÄºæÏäÖйýÒ¹¡£Óõ¶Æ¬½«Ò¿Ë¿Ò»¶ËÑõ»¯Ä¤¹ÎÈ¥Ô¼2 mm£¬½«ÒøË¿Óõ¼µçÒø½ºÁ¬½ÓÔÚÕâÒ»²¿Î»£¬ÔÙÓû·ÑõÊ÷Ö¬½ºÕ³¼Á½«µç¼«·â×°ÔÚÀ­ÖƺõIJ£Á§¹Ü£¨Ö±¾¶Ô¼2mm£©ÖУ¬Ê¹Ò¿Ë¿¶¥¶Ë±©Â¶Ô¼1mm.ʹÓÃÇ°½«µç¼«ÔÚÕôÁóË®ÖнþÅݹýÒ¹¡£ÎÙÑõ»¯Îï΢µç¼«µÄÖƱ¸»ù±¾ÓëÒ¿Ïàͬ£¬Ëù²»Í¬µÄÊÇÈÛÈÚ½éÖÊΪ̼ËáÄÆ£¬ÖÃÓÚÂí¸¥Â¯ÖмÓÈÈÖÁ5OO¡æºãÎÂ1h.ΪÁ˲âÁ¿¿­·¢k8¹ú¼ÊµÄpH£¬±¾ÎIJÉÓÃNafionÀ´ÐÞÊε缫ÒÔÏû³ýÑõ»¯»¹Ô­Àë×ӵĸÉÈÅ£¬½«5µÄNafionÈÜÒº¾ùÔÈͿĨÔÚÒ¿Ë¿±íÃ棬ÖÃÓÚºæÏäÖиÉÔÖظ´Á½±é¡£