结论


凯发在线app下载检查了 Fe(III) 羟基氧化物表面上次生 Fe 矿物的表面结壳的存在，这可能会限制微生物 Fe (III) 还原的程度。 淡水凯发在线客户端下载网址的特征是水铁矿占主导地位的表层含有生物茎和鞘。 1 和 2 厘米深度的 16S rRNA 基因分析结果检测到 Fe(II) 氧化细菌 Gallionellaceae。 在 2-4 厘米的凯发在线客户端下载网址深度处，孔隙水 Fe2+ 浓度显着增加。 在 1、2 和 4 厘米的凯发在线客户端下载网址深度检测到异化 Fe(III) 还原菌。 根据 EXAFS 结果，建议菱铁矿和针铁矿在 3 cm 以下的深度沉淀。 然而，仅在 3 至 4 cm 深度之间观察到 Fe 矿物组成的变化，并且大部分水铁矿保持在 4 cm 以下的深度。 6 cm 以下深度浓度增加。 孔隙水中生物质的稳定同位素分析表明，7 cm以下深度存在乙酰碎屑生物质，这种生物质的产生通常受到异化Fe(III)还原的抑制。 16S rRNA 基因分析的结果表明，在 10 厘米深度处存在产甲烷古菌 Methanosarcinales。 这些结果表明，在 4 cm 以下深度水铁矿的不完全还原不是由于缺乏有机碳。 TEM 观察表明，茎和鞘表面的 Fe 矿物从 1 cm 深度的水铁矿转变为 3 cm 以下深度的菱铁矿和针铁矿。 此外，通过 CEYEXAFS 分析在 10 厘米深度处定量铁矿物形态表明针铁矿主要存在于颗粒表面。 这些结果不同于大量 EXAFS 分析结果，即水铁矿是主要的铁矿物种类。 根据这些结果，水铁矿表面可能被针铁矿包裹，这可能限制了水铁矿在 4 cm 深度以下的还原程度。


致谢


凯发在线app下载感谢 M. Miyazaki 博士和 K. Yanagawa 博士在构建系统发育树方面提出的善意建议。 本研究由 JSPS 青年科学家研究奖学金资助。 这项工作也得到了 SPring-8 (2012A1589, 2013A1613, 2014A1416) 和 KEK (2013G052, 2013G562) 的支持。


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支持信息


Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article:


Fig. S1. Representative SEM images of sediment at 1 cm (A), 3 cm (B), 5 cm (C), 7 cm (D), and 9 cm (E).


Fig. S2. The XRD patterns of sediment up to 10 cm depths.

淡水凯发在线客户端下载网址中被针铁矿包裹的铁素体的有限还原——摘要、介绍

淡水凯发在线客户端下载网址中被针铁矿包裹的铁素体的有限还原——材料和方法

淡水凯发在线客户端下载网址中被针铁矿包裹的铁素体的有限还原——结果和讨论

淡水凯发在线客户端下载网址中被针铁矿包裹的铁素体的有限还原——结论、致谢！